About Apostles
[Rev 2: 1 – 7 Peter R Green, Sunday am, 22 Jan, 2012]
I AM still talking about the idea of being a simple church, but today I want to follow on what I was saying last week about True Ministry. You might be surprised, but I am talking about apostles and the ministry of apostles.
There is a strong idea, particularly among Anglicans, known as cessationism. Maybe you are a cessationist yourself; maybe you argue that the spectacular spiritual gifts ceased with the apostles, because apostles themselves have ceased. Maybe you say there is no room for prophecy, for apostleship, or for speaking in tongues. Or do you say that there is no healing gift any more, no gift of deliverance any more?
Cessationists find the essential qualities of an apostle in Acts 1. You remember that Judas betrayed Jesus and then committed suicide. So the church felt a need to replace him. The cessationists pick up Peter’s comment about chosing a replacement:
Acts 1:21 …it is necessary to choose one of the men who have been with us the whole time the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, 22 beginning from John’s baptism to the time when Jesus was taken up from us. For one of these must become a witness with us of his resurrection.”
So, as far as they are concerned, an apostle can only be someone who was with Jesus and the 11 during the whole of Jesus’ ministry from his baptism to his resurrection and ascension. And that means that no one else can be an apostle.
But is that so? Consider the evidence.
There are at least three different kinds of apostle, or three different aspects of apostleship, in the Bible.
Sometimes one person combines more than one aspect of apostleship. Paul was both a missionary apostle and an apostle with authority. James was an apostle with authority and possibly an eyewitness apostle, but he wasn’t a great missionary, and so on.
So we are looking at the apostle as an eyewitness, the apostle as an authority and the apostle as a missionary.
The apostle as eyewitness
I’m sure you understand the idea of an apostle is being an eyewitness to all of Jesus’ ministry. It makes sense.
Luke records the appointing of the apostles:
Lk 6:12 One of those days Jesus went out to a mountainside to pray, and spent the night praying to God. 13 When morning came, he called his disciples to him and chose twelve of them, whom he also designated apostles:
And he lists their names.
After all, Jesus did designate these 12 as apostles. He took them everywhere with him, he chose them to be closely involved in every aspect of his ministry.
There were others, both men and women, who spent a lot of time with Jesus in his ministry, but he needed to be absolutely sure that there was a clear record of his ministry so that others could follow his pattern. And these were the men he entrusted the task to.
Did Jesus aim to establish a church? He certainly set up the structures which make a church one feasible outcome. These 12 were foundations for a sound, on–going structure.
But it is one thing to say that these 12 were apostles and another to say that therefore there could be no others.
Eyewitness apostles might be the only kind, or, equally, eyewitness apostles might be a subset of apostles in general.
I am a pastor who also works for a leading Market Research company. Does that mean that the only true pastors are those who work for that company, too? There are other pastors not of the Roy Morgan flock!
However, on the evidence so far, you can’t decide one way or another about apostles.
But think about Matthias and Paul.
Could you even remember who got to replace Judas? The candidates were Joseph Justus and Matthias. But do you ever hear of either of them again?
On the other hand, Saul, later called Paul, calls himself the least of the apostles. But he never wavers from his assurance. He wasn’t with Jesus through all of his ministry. He was a witness to the resurrected Christ, but what else? Yet he was sure he, too was an apostle.
Some say the church should have left Matthias out and waited for God to appoint Saul.
Saul is a problem for cessationists, isn’t he?
I asked a preacher, “How about Paul?” He said, “He’s the exception that proves the rule.”
What nonsense! Any exception that proves a rule by breaking it shows that the rule is not a real rule. And if it doesn’t break the rule, then the exception isn’t a real exception at all.
Exceptions never validate rules. Would it prove the law of gravity if some people fell upwards instead of downwards?
In older English, to prove something is to test it. It is related to the word, probe. You prove a rule by probing it until it either breaks, or until the exceptions break.
Paul is an exception to the rule about all apostles being eyewitnesses to every part of Jesus’ ministry from his baptism to his resurrection and ascension. He probes the rule and shows that it is broken, that it isn’t a real rule. He is one apostle who doesn’t fit that mould.
And what about the many other apostles?
In today’s passage, the Lord Jesus commends the Ephesian church. He says,
Rev 2:2…I know that you cannot tolerate wicked people, that you have tested those who claim to be apostles but are not, and have found them false.
If the only apostles were the eleven plus Matthias plus Paul, anyone could pick a false apostle. If you weren’t one of those 13 people you couldn’t be an apostle. There’d be no need to test apostles! You’d know straight off.
There’d have been a booming market for fake IDs for St Peter and St John, wouldn’t there? But people could still check easily.
Even today, when someone pops up with a grand plan, don’t we check? Google is your friend! We did it with some of the difficult people we have had around our church. It’s just good sense.
Clearly enough people went around claiming to be apostles, that the church at Ephesus had to research them and see who they really were and what they had done in other places.
Every church has to test those who claim to be apostles.
But there is a truth in the idea of the apostle as eyewitness. That truth is that all who are apostles must have a testimony about their own experience of Jesus.
The apostle as authority
In Ephesians 4, Paul writes,
Eph 4:11 So Christ himself gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the pastors and teachers, 12 to equip his people for works of service, so that the body of Christ may be built up…
If you think about it, Paul clearly has some kind of ongoing apostolic ministry in mind.
For the church to be built up takes apostles, prophets, evangelists and pastor–teachers.
But can anyone say that the apostles did their work in the first century, and now they are gone, that we have been left without that vital ministry for repairing saints?
What about prophets? Have they gone? Even some pretty hard–line conservatives admit to detecting was a whiff of prophecy about one or two famous preachers.
But no one ever says that God has finished with evangelists or pastor–teachers. Who wants to get rid of them? After all, most who teach against apostles are also pastors.
Isn’t it strange that Paul names the leaders necessary for ongoing results in the church, and doesn’t warn us that half of them will die out and disappear? Was he so dim that he thought the church would be gone in his own lifetime?
Jesus is certainly coming back. But Paul was building for eternity, not just for the next 10 years.
And, to do this work, an apostle needs authority, not to get his or her own way, or to lord it over anyone: they use it to build the church up. It’s an authority which comes with compassion and insight and the wisdom of Christ.
In Matthew’s gospel, we read,
Mt 10:1 Jesus called his twelve disciples to him and gave them authority to drive out evil spirits and to heal every disease and sickness.
2 These are the names of the twelve apostles: first, Simon (who is called Peter) and his brother Andrew; James son of Zebedee, and his brother John;
and he goes on to name the rest.
However, the authority of apostles didn’t stop at driving out spirits and healing diseases.
The Ephesians would have had no trouble with false apostles if all an apostle did was heal and deliver from demons. It was misuse of authority that troubled them. Apostles come with authority, and so do bad people.
In Acts 14, Paul and Barnabas reach Lycaonia and are treated like gods, because of the power and authority they displayed. We read,
Acts 14:14 But when the apostles Barnabas and Paul heard of this, they tore their clothes and rushed out into the crowd, shouting…
Paul also mentioned his apostolic prerogatives when he wrote to the Thessalonians:
1Thess 2:6 We were not looking for praise from any human being, not from you or anyone else, even though as apostles of Christ we could have asserted our prerogatives.
The fact is that the apostles had authority to direct and to correct; they were the ones who knew what Jesus was like, and what he would want of the church, and who were authorised to bring things into line.
We all need to be brought into line from time to time.
Wasn’t John Wesley an apostolic figure? He cut to the basics of Christian faith, and didn’t waffle around the fringes. He preached Christ crucified, and that was enough.
But these super apostles who dogged Paul’s footsteps merely wanted to force the church to serve them, and that’s not what it’s about.
A good church does serve its leaders, but truly Christian leaders — apostles or whatever — don’t exist to be served.
If you want to be great in God’s kingdom
Learn to be the servant of all.
We do need people with authority, but not people who bully or coerce. Using money or gifts or bullying to persuade others might get numbers, but it’s not apostleship. Those who follow in the footsteps of apostles see what is happening, state the case, and show us the changes to make to follow Jesus properly.
All who are apostles use their authority to build the church — and don’t forget that we all have authority.
Apostle as missionary
The third main kind of apostle functions as a missionary.
When the Holy Spirit told the leaders in Antioch to set aside Barnabas and Saul for the ministry to which he had appointed them, it was to start reaching out to new places, places where the gospel hadn’t gone before.
Philip and Peter had shown that Samaritans and Romans could respond to the Gospel; Barnabas and Saul went out to take the Gospel to people in Asia Minor.
This is exactly what Jesus had called them to do. And he calls you and me to take the gospel out, too.
In John 17, Jesus prays:
Jn 17:18 As you sent me into the world, I have sent them into the world. 19 For them I sanctify myself, that they too may be truly sanctified.
Jn 17:20 “My prayer is not for them alone. I pray also for those who will believe in me through their message, 21 that all of them may be one, Father, just as you are in me and I am in you. May they also be in us so that the world may believe that you have sent me.
I have pointed it out before, but I point it out again, that Jesus, in that 18th verse, uses an unusual verb. The usual Greek for send is pempo (πεμπω); in this verse, Jesus says, apostello (αποστελλω). It is the verb behind the word, apostle.
Jesus says, literally,
In the same way that you apostled me into the world, that is how I have apostled them into the world.
Just so we don’t say, “He is talking about a superior class, he is talking about the 11, and certainly not about me,” he goes on,
“My prayer is not for them alone. I pray also for those who will believe in me through their message…”
It isn’t just for the few: his entire prayer is for all of us, and the reason he prays like this for all of us is to establish unity.
Some apostles are eyewitnesses, and that fact needs to be recognised. some apostles have particular authority, because they can see what is going on and know what the Lord is saying to the church, and that should be respected. But all of us are, in the final analysis, apostles. All of us are sent in the same way that Jesus was sent. All of us are here to repeat, in a small way, the life of Jesus, and all of us are here to do that in the unity of the Spirit and to the glory of God.
Conclusion
So this brings us to a point.
You — you and I — are apostles. Don’t let anyone talk you out of that or bring you to a lesser self–understanding.
Alright, there may be aspects of apostleship that we don’t all get. None of us is an eyewitness to everything Jesus did and said, but all of us are witnesses; none of us is an authority throughout the church, but all of us have some authority to see the truth of God and to proclaim it — inside the church as well as outside it.
But all of us are are sent in an apostolic sense; all of us are appointed and equipped, not to lord it over anyone, but to declare with confidence and the authority of informed faith that Jesus lives, that God loves, that the Spirit of God still wrestles with human hearts, convincing of sin, of righteousness and of judgment to come.
Did Peter go to the Gentiles with good news? We can go, too: go to people never before reached. Did Paul travel afar to bring in the lost sheep? What limits apply to us, then, who can travel in minutes where Paul took hours to go? Did Thomas plant churches where no one knew until hundreds of years later? Then do we need instant recognition?
Did the other apostles work miracles in the power of the Spirit? Then has the Spirit been so taken from us that we might not see some echos of those mighty deeds?
We had a member here many years ago who echoed what many Baptists have been taught. He said that there are two classes of Christian, the spiritual and the carnal. The spiritual are sent to do great things; the carnal are the rest. As far as he was concerned, he was among the carnal, and what could he do to change it?
What a misapplication of Scripture! But, also, what a defeating outlook! How could the church possibly carry out its mission if 80% of its members were only there to supply funds and warm pews?
A simple church is a church where every member has a role and a calling. A simple church is a church where the people love God, love people and preach the gospel. And in such a church, every person has a role and a function.
In the same way that you apostled me into the world,
Jesus tells his Father,
…that is how I have apostled my followers into the world.
If Jesus prayed that prayer for us, how can we possibly dare ignore or neglect it? He sends us: let’s get going!
AMEN
